Izithombe ezitholakalayo ukuze zilandwe kuwebhusayithi ye-MIT Press Office zinikezwa izinhlangano ezingezona ezohwebo, abezindaba, kanye nomphakathi ngaphansi kwe-Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Non-Derivative License. Akumele uguqule izithombe ezinikeziwe, kuphela uzinqamule ku usayizi ofanele.Isikweletu kufanele sisetshenziswe lapho kukopishwa izithombe;uma kunganikeziwe ngezansi, thola i-"MIT" yezithombe.
Onjiniyela bakwa-MIT benze irobhothi elifana nentambo elikwazi ukugwedla elikwazi ukutshuza ezindleleni eziwumngcingo, ezimazombezombe, njenge-vasculature yobuchopho ye-labyrinthine.
Ngokuzayo, lolu chungechunge lwerobhothi lungase luhlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe obukhona be-endovascular, okuvumela odokotela ukuthi baqondise ukude irobhothi emithanjeni yegazi yobuchopho besiguli ukuze iphathe ngokushesha ukuvinjwa nezilonda, njengalezo ezenzeka kuma-aneurysms kanye nokushaywa unhlangothi.
“Isifo sohlangothi siyimbangela yesihlanu yokufa kwabantu abaningi futhi siyimbangela ehamba phambili yokukhubazeka e-United States.Uma imivimbo eyingozi ingelashwa emizuzwini yokuqala engama-90 noma ngaphezulu, ukuphila kwesiguli kungase kube ngcono kakhulu,” kusho i-MIT Mechanical Engineering kanye noZhao Xuanhe, uprofesa ohlanganyele wobunjiniyela bomphakathi nezemvelo, wathi. ukuvinjelwa ngalesi sikhathi 'sesikhathi esiphambili', singase sikwazi ukugwema ukulimala okungapheli kwengqondo.Ithemba lethu lelo.”
UZhao nethimba lakhe, okuhlanganisa nombhali oholayo u-Yoonho Kim, umfundi oneziqu eMnyangweni Wezobunjiniyela Bemishini wakwa-MIT, bachaza umklamo wabo wamarobhothi athambile namuhla ephephabhukwini I-Science Robotics.Abanye ababhali ababambisene naleli phepha ngumfundi ophothule e-MIT u-German Alberto Parada kanye nomfundi ovakashele. Shengduo Liu.
Ukuze kukhishwe amahlule egazi ebuchosheni, odokotela ngokuvamile benza ukuhlinzwa kwe-endovascular, inqubo ehlasela kancane lapho udokotela ohlinzayo efaka intambo encane ngomthambo omkhulu wesiguli, ngokuvamile emlenzeni noma embeleni.Ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwe-fluoroscopic, esebenzisa ama-X-ray ukuze kanyekanye. isithombe semithambo yegazi, udokotela ohlinzayo ube esezungezisa ucingo mathupha aluyise emithanjeni yegazi yobuchopho eyonakele.I-catheter ingase idluliswe ngocingo ukuze ilethe umuthi noma idivayisi yokukhipha ihlule endaweni ethintekile.
Inqubo ingaba nzima ngokomzimba, kusho uKim, futhi idinga ukuthi odokotela abahlinzayo baqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ukuze bakwazi ukumelana nokuchayeka emisebeni okuphindaphindiwe kwe-fluoroscopy.
“Kuyikhono elidinga kakhulu, futhi abekho odokotela abahlinzayo abenele ukusiza iziguli, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni noma ezindaweni zasemakhaya,” kusho uKim.
Izintambo zokuqondisa zezokwelapha ezisetshenziswa kulezo zinqubo azisebenzi, okusho ukuthi kumelwe zisetshenziswe ngesandla, futhi ngokuvamile zenziwe ngensimbi eyingxubevange futhi zimbozwe nge-polymer, uKim athi ingadala ukungqubuzana futhi ilimaze ulwelwesi lwemithambo yegazi. indawo eqinile.
Ithimba laqaphela ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwelebhu yabo kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni izinqubo ezinjalo ze-endovascular, kokubili ekwakhiweni kwezintambo zokuqondisa kanye nokunciphisa ukuchayeka kodokotela kunoma yimiphi imisebe ehlobene.
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, iqembu liye lazakhela ubuchwepheshe kuma-hydrogel (izinto ezivumelana ne-biocompatible ikakhulukazi ezenziwe ngamanzi) kanye nezinto ze-3D zokuphrinta ezisebenza ngozibuthe ezingaklanywa ukukhasa, ukugxuma ngisho nokubamba ibhola , ngokulandela nje isiqondiso sebhola. uzibuthe.
Ephepheni elisha, abacwaningi bahlanganise umsebenzi wabo kuma-hydrogel kanye ne-actuation magnetic ukuze bakhiqize i-hydrogel-coated robotic wire, noma i-guidewire, abakwaziyo Ukuyenza ibe mncane ngokwanele ukuqondisa imithambo yegazi ngamandla ngokusebenzisa ubuchopho obufana nobukhulu be-silicone. .
Umnyombo wentambo yerobhothi wenziwe nge-nickel-titanium alloy, noma i-"nitinol," into egobekayo futhi enwebekayo.Ngokungafani nama-hangers, agcina umumo wawo uma agobile, intambo ye-nitinol ibuyela esimweni sayo sasekuqaleni, isinika okwengeziwe. ukuguquguquka lapho usonga imithambo yegazi eqinile, ehlukumezayo. Ithimba limboze inkaba yocingo ngokunamathisela kwenjoloba, noma uyinki, futhi lashumeka izinhlayiya kazibuthe kuyo.
Ekugcineni, basebenzise inqubo yamakhemikhali ababeyithuthukisile ngaphambilini ukuze bagqoke futhi babophe imbondela kazibuthe nge-hydrogel—into engathinti ukuphendula kwezinhlayiya ezingaphansi kazibuthe, kuyilapho zisahlinzeka ngendawo ebushelelezi, engena-Friction, ne-biocompatible.
Babonise ukunemba nokusebenza kocingo lwerobhothi ngokusebenzisa uzibuthe omkhulu (ofana nentambo kanodoli) ukuze uqondise ucingo endaweni eyisithiyo yeluphu encane, okufana nocingo oludlula embotsheni yenaliti.
Abacwaningi baphinde bahlola intambo kumfanekiso we-silicone wosayizi wokuphila wemithambo yegazi emikhulu yobuchopho, okuhlanganisa amahlule nama-aneurysms, alingisa ama-CT scans obuchopho besiguli sangempela. Ithimba ligcwalise isiqukathi se-silicone ngoketshezi olulingisa i-viscosity yegazi. , wabe eseshintsha omazibuthe abakhulu ngokuzungeza imodeli ukuze aqondise irobhothi endleleni ejikajikayo yesiqukathi, ewumngcingo.
Uchungechunge lwamarobhothi lungenziwa lusebenze, kusho uKim, okusho ukuthi ukusebenza kunganezelwa—ngokwesibonelo, ukuletha izidakamizwa ezinciphisa amahlule egazi noma ezinqamula ukuvimba ngamalaser. bangaqondisa irobhothi ngamandla kazibuthe futhi bavule i-laser uma isifinyelele endaweni eqondiwe.
Lapho abacwaningi beqhathanisa i-hydrogel-coated robotic wire ne-robotic wire engamboziwe, bathola ukuthi i-hydrogel inikeze ucingo ngokushelela obekudingeka kakhulu, oluvumela ukuthi luntweza ezindaweni eziqinile ngaphandle kokuthi ngeke lubhajwe. lesi sakhiwo sizoba yisihluthulelo sokuvimbela ukungqubuzana nokulimala kolwelwesi lomkhumbi njengoba intambo idluliswa.
“Enye inselele ekuhlinzeni iwukukwazi ukunqamula imithambo yegazi eyinkimbinkimbi esebuchosheni emincane kangangokuba ama-catheter athengiswayo awakwazi ukufinyelela kuwo,” kusho uKyujin Cho, uprofesa wobunjiniyela bemishini eSeoul National University.“Lolu cwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi singayinqoba kanjani le nselelo.amandla futhi anikeze amandla izinqubo zokuhlinzwa ebuchosheni ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa okuvulekile. "
Le ntambo entsha yerobhothi ibavikela kanjani odokotela abahlinzayo emisebeni?I-magnetically steerable guidewire iqeda isidingo sokuthi odokotela abahlinzayo baphushe ucingo emithanjeni yegazi yesiguli, kusho uKim.Lokhu kusho ukuthi udokotela futhi akudingeki ukuthi abe seduze nesiguli futhi , okubaluleke nakakhulu, i-fluoroscope ekhiqiza imisebe.
Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, ubona ngeso lengqondo ukuhlinzwa kwe-endovascular okuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obukhona bukazibuthe, obufana namapheya kazibuthe amakhulu, okuvumela odokotela ukuba babe ngaphandle kwegumbi lokuhlinza, kude nama-fluoroscope abonisa ubuchopho beziguli, noma ngisho nasezindaweni ezihluke ngokuphelele.
"Amapulatifomu akhona angasebenzisa amandla kazibuthe esigulini futhi enze i-fluoroscopy ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi udokotela angakwazi ukulawula amandla kazibuthe ngenduku yokudlala kwelinye igumbi, noma edolobheni elihlukile," kusho uKim. sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obukhona esinyathelweni esilandelayo ukuze uhlole intambo yethu yerobhothi ku-vivo.”
Uxhaso lwezimali lwalolu cwaningo luqhamuke eHhovisi Lokucwaninga Ngemikhumbi, i-MIT's Soldier Nanotechnology Institute, kanye neNational Science Foundation (NSF).
Intatheli ye-Motherboard u-Becky Ferreira ubhala ukuthi abacwaningi be-MIT benze intambo yerobhothi engase isetshenziselwe ukwelapha amahlule egazi noma imivimbo.Amarobhothi ayengase afakwe izidakamizwa noma ama-lasers “angalethwa ezindaweni ezinenkinga yobuchopho.Lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe obuhlasela kancane lungasiza futhi ekwehliseni umonakalo ovela ezimeni eziphuthumayo zemizwa njengokushaywa unhlangothi.”
Abacwaningi be-MIT benze intambo entsha yamarobhothi e-magnetron angangena ebuchosheni bomuntu, intatheli yakwaSmithsonian uJason Daley uyabhala.
Umlobi we-TechCrunch u-Darrell Etherington ubhala ukuthi abacwaningi be-MI baye bahlakulela intambo entsha ye-robotic engase isetshenziselwe ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho kungabi lula. izilonda ezingaholela kuma-aneurysms kanye nokushaywa unhlangothi. "
UChris Stocker-Walker we-New Scientist, kubika i-New Scientist, uChris Stocker-Walker, kubika uChris Stocker-Walker we-New Scientist. ukufinyelela emithanjeni yegazi.”
Intatheli ye-Gizmodo u-Andrew Liszewski ubhala ukuthi umsebenzi omusha werobhothi owenziwe ngabacwaningi be-MIT ungasetshenziswa ukusula ngokushesha amahlule namahlule abangela imivimbo.” ukuthi ngokuvamile odokotela abahlinzayo kudingeka bakukhuthazelele,” kuchaza uLiszewski.