Umjovo we-intravenous (IV) umjovo womuthi noma enye into emthanjeni futhi ungene ngqo egazini.Lena enye yezindlela ezisheshayo zokuletha umuthi emzimbeni.
Ukulawulwa ngomjovo kunomjovo owodwa olandelwa ishubhu elincanyana noma i-catheter efakwe emthanjeni.Lokhu kuvumela ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthi banikeze imithamo eminingi yomuthi noma isixazululo sokufakwa ngaphandle kokuthi baphinde bajove inaliti yomthamo ngamunye.
Le ndatshana ihlinzeka ngesifinyezo sokuthi kungani ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo besebenzisa ama-IV, basebenza kanjani, kanye nemishini abayidingayo.Iphinde ichaze ezinye zezinzuzo nezingozi zemithi yokufakwa emthanjeni neyokufakwa, kanye nezinye zezingozi ezingaba khona kanye nemiphumela engemihle.
Imijovo ye-intravenous ingenye yezindlela ezisheshayo nezilawulwa kakhulu zokuletha izidakamizwa noma ezinye izinto emzimbeni.
Abasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo bangase banikeze imishanguzo efakwa emthanjeni noma ezinye izinto ngomugqa we-peripheral noma omaphakathi.Izigaba ezilandelayo zichaza ngayinye yazo ngokuningiliziwe.
I-peripheral catheter noma i-peripheral intravenous catheter iwuhlobo olujwayelekile lomjovo womjovo olusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesikhashana.
Imigqa ye-peripheral iyatholakala ngemijovo ye-bolus kanye ne-infusions enesikhathi.Izigaba ezilandelayo zichaza ngayinye yazo ngokuningiliziwe.
Zihlanganisa ukujova imithamo yezidakamizwa ngokuqondile egazini lomuntu.Uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angase futhi abhekisele kumjovo we-bolus njenge-bolus noma i-bolus.
Zihlanganisa ukulethwa kancane kancane kwezidakamizwa egazini lomuntu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Le ndlela ihlanganisa ukufakwa kwezidakamizwa nge-drip exhunywe kwi-catheter.Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokufakwa emthanjeni: i-drip kanye nepompo.
Ama-Drip infusions asebenzisa amandla adonsela phansi ukuze anikeze uketshezi oluqhubekayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ngokufakwa kwe-drip, umsebenzi wezempilo kufanele alengise isikhwama se-IV phezu komuntu owelashwayo ukuze amandla adonsela phansi adonsele amanzi phansi ngomugqa aye emthanjeni.
Ukufakwa kwephampu kuhlanganisa ukuxhuma iphampu ekufakweni.Iphampu iletha uketshezi olufakwa egazini lomuntu ngendlela ezinzile nelawulwayo.
Umugqa omaphakathi noma i-venous catheter emaphakathi ingena emthanjeni we-trunk ophakathi nendawo, njenge-vena cava.I-vena cava iwumthambo omkhulu obuyisela igazi enhliziyweni.Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha basebenzisa ama-X-ray ukuze banqume indawo ekahle yolayini.
Ezinye izingosi ezijwayelekile zama-catheter okufakwa emthanjeni wesikhashana zifaka amasayithi engalo yangaphambili njengesihlakala noma indololwane, noma ngemuva kwesandla.Ezinye izimo zingadinga ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yangaphandle yonyawo.
Ezimeni eziphuthuma kakhulu, uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angase anqume ukusebenzisa indawo ehlukile yomjovo, njengomthambo osentanyeni.
Umugqa omaphakathi ngokuvamile ungena ku-vena cava ephakeme.Kodwa-ke, indawo yomjovo wokuqala imvamisa isesifubeni noma engalweni.
Umjovo oqondile womjovo noma womjovo ubandakanya ukufakwa komthamo wokwelapha womuthi noma enye into ngokuqondile emthanjeni.
Inzuzo yokujova nge-intravenous ngqo ukuthi iletha umthamo odingekayo womuthi ngokushesha okukhulu, okuwusiza ukuthi usebenze ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ububi bokuphathwa kwe-intravenous ngqo ukuthi ukuthatha imithamo emikhulu yomuthi kungandisa ingozi yokulimala unomphela emthanjeni.Le ngozi ingase ibe phezulu uma umuthi uyinto ecasulayo eyaziwayo.
Imijovo eqondile yomjovo iphinde ivimbele ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ekunikezeni imithamo emikhulu yezidakamizwa isikhathi eside.
Ububi bokufakwa kwe-intravenous ukuthi akuvumeli imithamo emikhulu yomuthi ukuthi ingene emzimbeni ngokushesha.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukubonakaliswa komphumela wokwelapha womuthi kungase kuthathe isikhathi.Ngakho, uketshezi olufakwa emithanjeni kungase kungabi indlela efanele lapho umuntu edinga imithi ngokushesha.
Izingozi nemiphumela engemihle yokuphathwa ngomjovo akuvamile.Lena inqubo ehlaselayo futhi imithambo mincane.
Ucwaningo lwango-2018 lwathola ukuthi kuze kufike kumaphesenti angama-50 wezinqubo ze-peripheral IV catheter ziyahluleka.Imigqa emaphakathi nayo ingadala izinkinga.
Ngokocwaningo olwanyatheliswa kuyi-Journal of Vascular Access, i-phlebitis ingenzeka ku-31% yabantu abasebenzisa ama-catheter emithanjeni ngesikhathi sokucwiliswa.Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile ziyelapheka futhi u-4% kuphela wabantu uba nezimpawu ezinzima.
Ukwethulwa komuthi ngqo emthanjeni we-peripheral kungabangela ukucasuka nokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezizungezile.Lokhu kucasuka kungase kube ngenxa ye-pH yokwakheka noma ezinye izithako ezicasulayo ezingase zibe khona ekubunjweni.
Ezinye izimpawu ezingaba khona zokucasuka kwezidakamizwa zihlanganisa ukuvuvukala, ububomvu noma ukushintsha umbala, kanye nobuhlungu endaweni yomjovo.
Ukulimala okuqhubekayo emthanjeni kungabangela igazi ukuthi livuze emthanjeni, okuholela ekubambeni kwemihuzuko endaweni yomjovo.
I-extravasation yezidakamizwa igama lezokwelapha lokuvuza komuthi omjovo osuka emithanjeni yegazi ungene ezicutshini ezizungezile.Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezilandelayo:
Kwezinye izimo, amagciwane avela ebusweni besikhumba angangena ku-catheter futhi abangele ukutheleleka.
Imigqa emaphakathi ngokuvamile ayithwali ubungozi obufanayo nemigqa yangaphandle, nakuba ithwala ubungozi obuthile.Ezinye izingozi ezingaba khona zomugqa omaphakathi zihlanganisa:
Uma umuntu esola ukuthi angase abe nezinkinga ngomugqa omaphakathi, kufanele azise udokotela wakhe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Uhlobo kanye nendlela ye-IV umuntu ayidingayo incike ezintweni ezimbalwa.Lokhu kuhlanganisa imithi kanye nemithamo abayidingayo, ukuthi bawudinga ngokushesha kangakanani umuthi, nokuthi umuthi udinga isikhathi esingakanani uhlale ohlelweni lwabo.
Imijovo efakwa emthanjeni inezingozi ezithile, njengobuhlungu, ukucasuka, nemihuzuko.Izingozi ezinkulu kakhulu zihlanganisa ukutheleleka kanye namahlule egazi.
Uma kungenzeka, umuntu kufanele axoxe ngezingozi ezingase zibe khona kanye nezinkinga zokuphathwa kwe-IV nodokotela ngaphambi kokuba athole lokhu kwelashwa.
Ukuphuka komthambo kwenzeka lapho inaliti ilimaza umthambo, okubangela ubuhlungu nokulimaza.Ezimweni eziningi, imithambo edabukile ayidali umonakalo wesikhathi eside.Thola okwengeziwe lapha.
Odokotela basebenzisa ulayini we-PICC ekwelapheni nge-intravenous (IV) esigulini.Zinezinzuzo eziningi futhi zingadinga ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya.Thola okwengeziwe lapha.
Ukujova i-ayoni ukulethwa kwe-ayoni emzimbeni ngomugqa wokungena emthanjeni.Ukwenyuka kwe-ayoni egazini lomuntu kungaba…